Microbial community changes in contaminated soils in response to phenanthrene amendment   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

S. Y. Zhang  Q. F. Wang  S. G. Xie Ph.D. 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2011,8(2):321-330

Leachate and reclaimed wastewater have become the important sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils. However, the information on bioremediation of leachate and reclaimed wastewater-contaminated soils is still lacking. Identification of changes in microbial structure or of enriched genera related to biodegradation could aid identification of particular organisms or consortia capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in these contaminated soils. In this study, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, coupled with 16S Ribosomal ribonucleic acid clone library analysis, was applied to investigate the composition of bacterial community in leachate-contaminated soil or grassland soil irrigated reclaimed wastewater and the response to phenanthrene amendment. Results showed that phenanthrene amendment had significant but different impacts on microbial community structure, dependent on soil source. Several greatly enriched terminal restriction fragments with phenanthrene biodegradation were identified. Moreover, genus rhizobacteria, possibly linked to phenanthrene biodegradation, was firstly reported in this study. This work might provide some new insights into bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-contaminated soils.  相似文献   

Mechanism of cultivation soil degradation in rocky desertification areas under dry/wet cycles     

Wei-min Ye  Zi-yuan Qi  Bao Chen  Ji Xie  Yu Huang  Yao-ru Lu  Yu-Jun Cui 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(1):269-276

Karst rocky desertification is a process of land degradation involving serious soil erosion, extensive exposure of basement rocks. It leads to drastic decrease in soil productivity and formation of a desert-like landscape. In this regard, changes in climatic conditions are the main origin of the soils degradation. Indeed, soils subjected to successive dry/wet cycling processes caused by climate change develop swelling and shrinkage deformations which can modify their water retention properties, thus inducing the degradation of soil–water capacity. The ecological characteristics of cultivation soils in karst areas, Southwest of China, are extremely easy to be affected by external environmental factors due to its shallow bedding and low vegetation coverage. Based on the analysis of the climate (precipitation) of this region during the past decades, an experimental study has been conducted on a cultivated soil obtained from the typical karst area in southwestern China. Firstly, the soil–water properties have been investigated. The measured soil–water retention curve shows that the air-entry value of the soil is between 50 and 60 kPa, while the residual saturation is about 12%. Based on the experimental results, three identifiable stages of de-saturation have been defined. Secondly, a special apparatus was developed to investigate the volume change behavior of the soil with controlled suction cycles. The vapor equilibrium technique was used for the suction control. The obtained results show that under the effect of dry/wet cycles, (1) the void ratio of the cultivated soil is continuously decreasing, leading to a gradual soil compaction. (2) The permeability decreases, giving rise to a deterioration of water transfer ability as well as a deterioration of soil–water retention capacity. It is then obvious that the long-term dry/wet cycling process caused by the climate change induce a continuously compaction and degradation of the cultivated soil in karst rocky desertification areas.  相似文献   

Application of stable isotope techniques in studies of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Zhigao Sun  Xiaojie Mou  Xinhua Li  Lingling Wang  Hongli Song  Huanhuan Jiang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(2):129-148

Stable isotope techniques have been proved useful as tools for studying the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles and the distribution characteristics of stable isotope, then reviewed the recent advances and applications of stable isotope in the C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. By applying the 13 C natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to understand the photosynthetic path and CO 2 fixation of plants, the CO 2 exchange and C balance status of ecosystem, the composition, distribution and turnover of soil organic C and the sources of organic matter in food webs, while by using the 13 C labeled technique, the effects of elevated CO 2 on the C processes of ecosystem and the sources and fate of organic matter in ecosystem can be revealed in detail. Differently, by applying the 15 N natural abundance technique, ecologists are able to analyze the biological N 2 -fixation, the N sources of ecosystem, the N transformation processes of ecosystem and the N trophic status in food webs, while by using the 15 N labeled technique, the sources, transformation and fate of N in ecosystem and the effects of N input on the ecosystem can be investigated in depth. The applications of both C and N isotope natural abundance and labeled techniques, combined with the elemental, other isotope ( 34 S) and molecular biomarker information, will be more propitious to the investigation of C and N cycle mechanisms. Finally, this paper concluded the problems existed in current researches, and put forward the perspective of stable isotope techniques in the studies on C and N biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem in the future.  相似文献   

The glacier area changes in the Qangtang Plateau based on the multi-temporal grid method and its sensitivity to climate change   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Liping Wang  Zichu Xie  Xin Wang  Shiyin Liu  Liangfu Ding  Donghui Shangguan 《山地科学学报》2011,8(6):882-893

Glacier area changes in the Qangtang Plateau are analyzed during 1970-2000 using air photos,relevant photogrammetric maps and satellite images based on the multi-temporal grid method.The results indicate that the melting of glaciers accelerated,only a few of glaciers in an advancing state during 1970-2000 in the whole Qangtang Plateau.However,the glaciers seemed still more stable in the study area than in most areas of western China.We estimate that glacier retreat was likely due to air temperature warming during 1970-2000 in the Qangtang Plateau.Furthermore,the functional model of glacier system is applied to study climate sensitivity of glacier area changes,which indicates that glacier lifespan mainly depends on the heating rate,secondly the precipitation,and precipitation increasing can slow down glacier retreat and make glacier lifespan prolonged.  相似文献   

Temporal and spatial variability of dissolved organic carbon concentration in the Xijiang River, South China     

Zhen Tao  Quanzhou Gao  Wenping Guo  Zhengang Wang  Yongling Zhang  Chenji Xie  Xiakun Huang  Hongwei Zhong 《山地科学学报》2011,8(5):694-703

A whole year analysis of riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the Xijiang River (XJR), South China, showed that the mean riverine DOC concentration (1.24 mg L-1) in the XJR was notably lower than the averaged value (5.75 mg L-1) of the global riverine DOC concentration in several major rivers. There is an inconspicuous monthly fluctuation of the DOC signal in the XJR, but on a semi-yearly time scale, however, the riverine DOC concentration had significant difference between hydrological...  相似文献   

Field-based simulation of a demonstration site for carbon dioxide sequestration in low-permeability saline aquifers in the Ordos Basin,China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jian Xie  Keni Zhang  Litang Hu  Paul Pavelic  Yongsheng Wang  Maoshan Chen 《Hydrogeology Journal》2015,23(7):1465-1480

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内蒙古北山额济纳旗小红山钒钛磁铁矿床SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年及其意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨建国  王磊  王小红  谢燮  姜安定 《地质通报》2015,34(9):1699-1705

小红山钒钛磁铁矿床是近年内蒙古北山地区新发现的一个中型钒钛磁铁矿床,含矿辉长岩体侵位于蓟县系平头山组,岩体具全岩矿化,工业矿体主要赋存于中粗粒辉长岩中。采用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年方法对小红山中粗粒辉长岩体进行了年代学研究,获得该岩体的锆石微区原位SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为424±6Ma,表明小红山钒钛磁铁矿成岩成矿事件发生于中志留世。该时期钒钛磁铁矿床的发现,揭示了北山地区早古生代处于陆缘裂谷环境,这对研究和认识北山地区地质构造演化及开展岩浆矿床找矿具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Ground penetrating radar-based experimental simulation and signal interpretation on roadway roof separation detection     

Jian-Lin?Xie  Jia-Lin?XuEmail author 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2015,8(3):1273-1280

Roof separation is one of the major indications for coal mine roadway roof accidents. Therefore, it is important that efforts be made to detect roadway roof separation. Currently, the instrument used for detecting roadway roof separation is the roof-off-the-strata indicator, but its installation and use is complicated and the need is greater than can be managed. This thesis takes ground penetrating radar (GPR) as a means for roof separation detection and analyzes its feasibility for use in detecting roof separation both theoretically and experimentally. First, numerical simulation experiments on roof separation detection are carried out using GprMax2D software. The results show that it is feasible to detect roof separation by using GPR electromagnetic waves. Next, physical simulation experiment on roof separation detection is carried out using MALA GPR (RAMAC/GPR). Lastly,  the traditional image segmentation algorithm of 2D maximum between a cluster variance is improved to interpret the GPR signal. Good results were achieved using the improved algorithm to interpret detection signals of roof separation by GPR in a physical simulation experiment.  相似文献   

Significance of long chain iso and anteiso monomethyl alkanes in the Lamiaceae (mint family)     

Xianyu HuangPhilip A. Meyers  Weichao WuChenglin Jia  Shucheng Xie 《Organic Geochemistry》2011,42(2):156-165

The potential significance of the contributions of long chain iso and anteiso monomethyl alkanes (LC MMAs) from plants of the Lamiaceae, a family that includes many culinary and aromatic herbs of cultural value, to sediments and soil has been evaluated by analyzing 21 specimens from 16 species of Lamiaceae from different environmental settings in Hubei Province, central China, and comparing the results with those from tobacco plants, which are established to be rich in these compounds. Odd numbered iso-alkanes (i-C₂₅ to i-C₃₆) and even numbered anteiso-alkanes (a-C₂₅ to a-C₃₆) are abundant in the Lamiaceae (1.9-23.2% and 0.9-23.8% of total alkanes, respectively). The proportions of LC MMAs are relatively high and comparable to those in the tobacco plant. However, chain lengths in the Lamiaceae are longer than those in tobacco plants and compound-specific δ¹³C values are more negative than in the tobacco plants, potentially allowing distinction of their different origins. The results imply that Lamiaceae, in addition to some other land plants, can be important sources of LC iso- and anteiso-alkanes in sediments and soils.  相似文献   

Distribution of continental red paleosols and their forming mechanisms in the Late Cretaceous Yaojia Formation of the Songliao Basin, NE China     

Xuebin Du  Xinong Xie  Yongchao Lu  Jianye Ren  Shun ZhangPenglin Lang  Tao ChengMing Su  Cheng Zhang 《Cretaceous Research》2011,32(2):244-257

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